Heat system



p 1940. J. E. HAINES HEAT SYSTEM Filed April 15, 1935 12V V5 TO? JbfinE. J70 ines BY HIS ATTORNEY I Patented Sept. 10, 1940 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFIQE HEAT SYSTEM John E. Hai nes, Minneapolis, Minn., assignorto Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Company, Minneapolis, Minn., acorporation of Delaware Application April 15, 1935, Serial No. 16,277

14 Claims.

This invention relates to heating a heating system of the type disclosedin the application of Daniel G. Taylor, S. N. 512,887, filed February 2,1931, Patent No. 2,065,835, Dec. 29, 1936.

The system disclosed in the above referred to Taylor applicationcomprises an outdoor controller responsive to outdoor atmosphericconditions including temperature, wind and sun for controlling thetemperature within the building. Heating means are provided in thebuilding for supplying heat to the building and heating means are alsoprovided in the outdoor controller for supplying heat to the outdoorcontroller. The two heating means are proportioned according to the heatlosses from the building and from the outdoor controller. A thermostaticdevice is provided for responding to the temperature within the outdoorcontroller and when this thermostatic device calls for heat both of theheating means are energized to deliver heat to the building and to theoutside controller. Due to the proportional relationship of the heatingmeans with the heat losses of the building and the outside controller, adefinite temperature relation is maintained within the building and theoutside controller so that by responding to the temperature of theoutside controller, the thermostatic device maintains a constant ornormal temperature within the building.

Such a system gives excellent results when the system is maintained inoperation for twentyfour hours a day. However, it is often desirable toshut down the heating system during the night to lower the temperaturewithin the building to conserve on fuel costs. But due to thefundamental theory of operation, the system of the Taylor applicationcannot supply suflicient heat to the building in the morning after anight shut down to rapidly raise the temperature to normal andthereafter maintain the temperature in the building at normal. onlysuiiicient heat is supplied to thebuilding to maintain the temperaturethereof constant according to variations in outside atmosphericconditions. In order to successfully operate the system of the typedisclosed in the above referred This is caused by the fact thatof thebuilding may be maintained at normal by the outdoor controller.

More specifically it is an object of this invention to provide a morningpick-up control of the heating system whereby the building temperature 5is brought up to normal in accordance with outdooratmospheric conditionsand to provide a normal day control of the heating system whereby dooratmospheric conditions and to provide a normal in accordance withoutdoor atmospheric con- 1 ditions.

' Another object of this invention is to provide an outdoor controllerfor controlling the temperature changing means of a building to maintaina normal temperature within the building and 1']; means to adjust theoutdoor controller to restore the building temperature to normal inaccordance with outdoor atmospheric conditions following a shut-down ofthe system.

Another object of this invention is to provide ,heating means for abuilding, an outdoor controller comprising heating means for heating thesame and thermostatic means responsive to the temperature of the same,the thermostatic means controlling both heating means and the controllerheating means being adapted to supply different amounts of heat to thecontroller, and means controlling the controller heating means to supplyone amount of heat to the controller to raise the building temperatureto normal and to supply another amount of heat to the controller tomaintain the building temperature at normal. V Other objects andadvantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art uponreferring to the accompanying specification, claims and drawing in whichdrawing is diagrammatically illustrated the preferred form of myinvention as applied to a building having a side wall I0 and a pluralityof spaces to be heated, one of the spaces being shown at l I.

located in the spaces to be heated l I are radiators l2 which areconnected to risers 13. The risers- 13 are connected to a pipe I 4 whichin turn is connected to a valve IS. The valve l5 controls the supply ofsteam or other heating fluid from a supply pipe I6 which leads from somesource of steam (not shown). -When the valve 15 is moved to the openposition, steam is supplied from the supply pipe l6 through the pipe I4and the risers I3 to the radiators I! to heat the spacesgo H within thebuilding. The valve I5 is operated by a valve stem H which is connectedto a pitman l8 which in turn is journaled on a crank pin IS. A gear 20mounted on a shaft 2| carries the-crank pin IS. The U gear 20 and theshaft 2| are rotated through a reduction gear train 22 by a motor rotor23 upon energization of a field 24. The shaft 2| also carries cams 25and 26 which operate contact arms 21 and 28. The contact arm 21 isadapted to engage at times a contact 29 and the contact arm 28 isadapted to alternately engage contacts 36 and 3|.

This invention contemplate the use of a time switch, comprisingadjustable cams 33 and 34 for operating contact arms 35 and 36. Thecontact arm 35 is moved into engagement with either contact 6 or 1 andthe contact arm 36 is likewise tacts 8 or 9. The cams 33 and 34 aredriven through a reduction gear train 31 by a motor rotor 38 uponenergization of the motor field 39. The gear train 31 is so proportionedthat the cams 33 and 34 are rotated once during every 24 hours. Forpurposes of clearness, one-half of the cams 33 and 34 are shaded todenote the night portions and the remaining parts of the cams 33 and 34are left clear to show the day portions thereof. The cams are rotated inthe direction shown by the arrows. As seen in the drawing, the cams arein a position corresponding to midnight and that the contact arms 35 and36 will be moved into engagement with the-contacts 6 and 8 respectivelyat substantially 6 o'clock in the morning and move into engagement withthe contacts 1 and 9 at substantially 9 o'clock in the evening. The camsmay be adjusted to give any desired timing operation.

A relay coil is designated at 40 and upon energization thereof, switcharms 4|, 42 and 43 are moved into engagement with contacts 44, 45 and46, respectively. Upon deenergization of the relay coil 40 the switcharms will move out of the engagement with contacts 44, 45 and 46 and thewitch arms 42 and 43 will move into engagement with the contacts 41 and48. This latter motion of the switch arms, upon deenergization of therelay coil 46, is affected by springs, gravity or some other means, notshown.

Another relay is shown at the lower right hand portion of the drawingand comprises an energizing coil 56 and a bucking coil Upon energizationof the energizing coil50, switch arms 52, 53 and 54 are moved intoengagement with contacts 55, 56 and 51. Upon deenergization of theenergizing coil 58 the switch arms 52, 53 and 54 are moved out ofengagement with the contacts 55, 56 and 51 and the switch arms 52 and 54are moved into engagement with the contacts 58 and 59, respectively.This latter movement is caused by springs, gravity or some other means,not shown. Likewise, upon energization of the bucking coil 5|, when theenergizing coil 56 is energized, the bucking coil 5| will neutralize thehold ng effect of the energizing coil 50 and the switch arms 52, 53 and54 will be moved to the right.

Located on the outside of the building is an outdoor controller 66 whichcomprises a metallic block 6| enclosed within a weather-tight casing 62.A heater 63 is located in close proximity to the metallic block 6| sothat upon energization of the heater 63 the block 6| is heated and upondeenergization of the heater 63 theblock 6| is cooled by the outdooratmosphere. The block 6| is hollowed out and is adapted to receive acontainer 64 in which is mounted a bimetallic element 65 by means of apost 66. The bimetallic element 65 responds to the temperature of themetallic block 6| and carries contacts 61 and 68 which are adapted tosequentially engage adjustable contacts 69 and 16. As in the abovereferred to application, the outdoor controller 60 responds toatmospheric conditions including temperature, wind and solar radiation.

Located in one of the spaces to be heated II, is a room thermostat 1|which is mounted on a post 12. The room thermostat 1| carries contacts13 which are adapted to alternately engage contacts 14 and 15.

Line wires leading from some source of power, not shown, are designatedat 11 and 18. Across these line wires is connected a primary 19 of astep-down transformer 88 provided with a secondary 8|. One end of thesecondary 8| is connected by means of a wire 82 to one end .of the field24. The other end of the field 24 is con nected by means of wires 83 and84 to the contact arm 21. A wire 85 connects the contact arm 28 to thejunction of the wires 83 and 84. Wires 86 and 81 connect the contact 29with' the other end of the secondary 8| A wire 88 connects the contactarm 35 of the time switchwith the junction of wires 86 and 81. by meansof wires 89 and 90 to the contact 14 of the inside thermostat 1| and thecontact 30-is connected by means of wires 9| and 92 to the contact 15 ofthe inside thermostat 1|. The post 12 of the inside thermostat 1| isconnected by means of a wire 93 to the contact 1 of the time switch, Theinside thermostat 1| is so adjusted as to maintain a minimum nighttemperature, say 60, within the building.

With the parts in the position shown in the drawing, say midnight, thevalve I5 is opened and heat is being supplied to the building tomaintain the predetermined night temperature within the building. Whenthe temperature The contact 3| is connected within the building risesabove the predetermined v night temperature, the thermostat 1| moves thecontact 13 into engagement with the contact 15 to complete a circuitfrom the secondary 8| of the step-down transformer 80 through wires 81and 88, contact arm 35, contact 1, wire 93, post 12, thermostat 1|,contacts 13 and 15, wires 92 and 9|, contact 30, contact arm 28, wires85 and 83, field 24 and wire 82 back to the secondary 8|. Uponcompletion of this circuit, the field 24 is energized to start the valve|5 in its movement towards its closed position. After the valve l5 hasstarted to move towards its closed position, the contact arm 21 is movedinto engagement with the contact 29 to complete a maintaining circuitfrom the secondary 8| through wires 81 and 86, contact 29, contact arm21, wires 84 and 83, field 24 and wire 82 back to the secondary 8|. Thismaintaining circuit will remain completed until the contact arm 21 ismoved out of engage-.

ment with contact 29 at which time the valve |5 will be completelyclosed to prevent the further supply of heating fluid to the building.Also during the closing movement of the valve I5 the contact arm 28 ismoved into engagement with the ondary 8|. Completion of this circuitenergizes 15 the motor to move the valve I5 towards an open position andthe valve I5 is completely moved to the opened position by the abovereferred to maintaining circuit through the contact arm 21. When thevalve I5 has been moved to the open position, contact arm 28 is broughtinto engagement with the contact 30 to position the parts for closingmovement of the valve upon an increase in temperature within thebuilding.

From the above it is seen that I have provided a means for maintainingthe night temperature within a building at a given value. Thistemperature value may be varied to meet the circumstances by adjustingthe setting of the thermostat 1|. I

A primary 94' of. a step-down transformer 95 is connected across theline wires 11 and 18. One

end of the secondary 96 of the transformer 95 is connected by means of awire 91 to oneend of the field 39. The other end of the secondary 96 isconnected by means of a wire 98 to the other end of the field 39,whereby the field 39 is maintained energized at all times to operate thetime switch in such a manner that the cams 33 and 34 are rotated once intwenty-four. hours.

A primary 99 of a step-down transformer I00,-

having a secondary IOI, is connected across the line wires 11 and 18.One end of the secondary IOI is connected by means of a wire I02 to oneend of the relay coil 40. The other end of the relay coil 40 isconnected by means of wires I03 and I04 to the contact 10 of the outdoorcontroller 60. Contact 69 is connected by means of a wire I05 to theother end of the secondary IN. The post 66 of the outdoor controller isconnected by means of wire I06 to the contact 44. The wire I01 connectsthe switch arm 4| to the junction of wires I03 and I04.

Upon a decrease in temperature of the block 6| in the outdoor controller60, the bimetallic element 65 moves the contact 61 into engagement withthe contact 69. Upon the further de-. crease in block temperature, thecontact 68 is moved into engagement with the contact 10 to complete acircuit from the secondary |I through wire I05, contacts 69, 61, 68 and10, wires- I04 and I03, relay coil 40 and wire I02 back to the secondaryIOI. Completion of this circuit causes energization of the relay coil 40to move the switch arms 4|, 42, and 43 into engagement with the contacts44, 45 and 46. Upon engagement of the switch arm 4| with the contact44,.a second or holding circuit is completed from the secondary |0|through wire I05, contact 69 and 61, bimetallic element 65, post 66,wire I06 contact 44, switch arm 4|, wires I01 and I03,

, relay coil 40 and wire I02 back to the secondary IOI. The relay coil40 remains energized until contact between the contacts 61 and 69 isbroken at which time the relay drops out and the switcharms 4|, 42 and43 move out of engagement with the contacts 44, 45 and 46. From this itis seen that when the temperature of the block 6| falls below apredetermined value the relay coil 40 is energized to pull in the relayand when the block temperature rises above a predetermined higher valuethe relay coil 40 is deener gized to allow the relay to fall out.

The switch arm 42 of the relay is connected by means of a wire I08 tothe contact 6 of the time switch and the switch arm 431s connected bymeans oi a wire I09 to the contact 8. The contact 45 of the relay isconnected by means of a wire 0 to the junction of wires 89 and 90 andthe contact 41 is connected by means of a wire |2I to the switch arm 52.

wire I I I to the junction of wires 9| and 92. From this it is seen thatthe contacts 45 and 41 are connected in parallel to the contacts 14 andI5. of the inside thermostat 1|.

Assume that the valve I is closed, that the temperature of the block 6|is at a low value to energize the relay coil 40 and that the time is 6a. m., the contact arm 28 will be in engagee ment with the contact 3|,the switch arm 42 will engage the contact 45 and the conact arm 35 willbe moved into engagement with the contact 6. When the parts are in thisposition a circuit is completed from the secondary 8| through wires 81and 88, contact arm 35, contact 6, wire I08, switch arm 42, contact 45,wires 0 and 89, con-. tact 3|, contact arm 28, wires 85 and 83, field 24and wire 82 back to the secondary 8|. Completion of this circuit causesthe valve I5 to be moved to its open position to supply heat to thebuilding. When the temperature of the block 6| rises above apredetermined value to deenergize the relay coil 40, the switch arm 42is moved out of engagement with the contact 45 and into engagement withcontact 41 to complete a circuit from secondary 8|, through wires 81 and88, contact arm 35, contact 6, wire I08, switch arm 42, contact 41,wires III and 9|, contact 30, contact arm 28, wires 85 and 83, field 24and wire 82 back to the secondary 8| Completion of this circuit causesclosing movement of the valve I5. From this it is seen that during thedaytime the inside thermostat 1| is thrown out of operation and theoudoor controller 60 is thrown into operation and when the temperatureof block 6| is relatively cool the valve I5 is moved to an open positionand when the temperature of the block 6| is relatively warm, the valveI5 is moved to a closed position.

One end of a primary I I3 of a step-down transformer II4 having asecondary H5 is connected to the line wire 18. The other end of theprimary H3 is connected by means of a wire H6 to the contact 46. Thecontact arm 36 of the time switch is connected by means of wires 1 andH8 to the line wire 11.

During the daytime, contact arm 36 is maintained in engagement with thecontact 8 and when the temperature of the block 6| of the outdoorcontroller 60 is below a predetermined Value, the switch arm 3 is movedinto engagement with contact 46 to complete a circuit from the line wire18 through the primary II3, wire II 6, contact 46, switch arm 43, wireI09, contact 8, contact arm 36 and wires H1 and H8 back to the line wire11 to supply power to the secondary II5. It will be seen that when thetemperature of the block 6| is above the predetermined value todeenergize the relay coil 40 or when the contact arm 36 is out ofengagement with the contact 8, as during the nighttime, the abovecircuit is broken to prevent the supply of power to the secondary I I5.

The contact 9 of the time switch is connected by means of wires 9 andI20 to one end of the energizing coil 50. The other end of theenergizing coil 50 is connected by means of a The contact 58, which isengaged by the switch arm 52, is connected by means of wires I22 and I23to the line wire 18. The energizing coil 50 is also connect- ,ed bymeans of a wire I24 and a resistance I25 arm 36 is moved into engagementwith the contact 9 to complete a circuit from the line wire 11 throughwires H8 and H1, contact arm 36, contact 9, wires II9 and I20,energizing coil 50, wire I 24,'resistance I25, and wire I23 to line wire18 to cause energization of the energizing coil 50. Also, a shuntcircuit from the left end of coil 50 around the resistance I25 will beestablished through wire I2I, switch arm 52, contact 58, and wire I22.This shunt circuit will insure suflicient energization of energizingcoil 50 to cause initial movement of the relay. After this initialmovement, switch arm 52 will disengage contact 58 thereby breaking thisshunt circuit, and completion of the pull-in movement of the relay willbe caused by the energizing circuit through resistance I25. Uponcompletion of this movement, a holding circuit is completed from theline wire 11 through wires I I8 and I26, switch arm 53, contact 56,wires I21 and I20, energizing coil 50, wire I24, resistance I25 and wireI23, back to' the line wire 16. By reason of this holding circuit theenergizing coil 50 is maintained energized regardlessof the position ofthe contact arm. 36 of the time switch, to hold the switch arms 52, 53and 54 in engagement with the contacts 55, 56 and 51. The resistance I25is inserted in this holding circuit to decrease the temperature withinthe energizing coil 50.

One end of the secondary H5 is connected by means of a wire I28 to theswitch arm 54. The contact 51 is connected by means of a wire I29 to aslider I30 engaging a resistance I3I and the contact 59 is likewiseconnected by means of a wire I32 to a slider I33 engaging a resistanceI34. The resistances I3I and I34 are connected together'and to a wireI31 by means of wires I35 and I36. The wire I31 is connected to anammeter I38, the ammeter I38 is in turn connected by means of a wire I39to one end of the heater 63 of the outside controller 60. The other endof the heater 63 is connected by means of a wire I40 to the other end ofthe secondary N5 of the step-down transformer I I4.

The resistances |3I and I34 are adjustable to determine the correctamount of energy supplied to the heater 63 and consequently the amountof heat delivered to the block 6|. I34 controls the supply of heat tothe block 6| during the daytime and the resistance |3I controls thesupply of heat to the block 6| during the morning pick-up period. Whenthe secondary II5 of the step-down transformer II4 receives power in theabove identified manner and when the switch arm 54 is in engagement withthe contact 59, heat is supplied to the block 6| for day operation andwhen the switch arm 54 is moved into engagement with the contact 51 heatis supplied to the block 6| for the morning pickup period. As pointedout above and in the above referred to application, the amount of heatdelivered to the block 6| during the day is proportioned to the amountof heat deliveredto the building as the heat loss of the block is to theheat loss of the building to maintain the temperature within thebuilding at a constant normal value. The amount of heat so delivered tothe block 6| during the day is adjusted by the variable resistanee I34.v

However, during night operation the outdoor controller 60 is renderedinoperative and the temperatures of the building and of the outdoorcontroller are allowed to drop. The temperature of the controller Willdrop farther than the 'temperature of the building during this shut-offThe resistance night period. In order to bring the temperature of thebuilding and of the outdoor controller back up to normal during themorning pick-up to place the system in condition for normal dayoperation, a definite amount of heat must be supplied to the outdoorcontroller. Assume that the temperature of the building drops to, say 60and that of the outdoor controller drops to say 20 at night and that anormal average temperature of 70 is to be maintained in the building andin the controller during the daytime. The amounts of heat delivered tothe controller and to the buildingshould be so proportioned that whenthe heating system is turned on in the morning for the morning pick-upperiod the temperature of the building and the temperature of theoutdoor controller should reach their normal day values at substantiallythe same time. In order to set up and maintain this proportion of heat,the variable resi tance of |3I is provided for the morning pick-upcycle. The proper amount of heat delivered to the outdoor controllerduring his morning pick-up cycle may vary with condi tions such as theamount of radiation in the building, the heat losses from the buildingand controller, and the capacity of the building and the controller tohold heat. By trial on each particular installation the correct settingof the variable resistance I3| may be obtained.

Contact 46 is connected by means of a wire I42 to one end of the buckingcoil 5|. The other endof the bucking coil 5| is connected by means of awire I43 to the contact 55. In the morning at substantially 6 oclock thecontact arm 36 is moved into engagement with the contact 8 and when thetemperature of the block 6| has risen to a predetermined value todeenergize the relay coil 40, the switch arm 43 is moved into engagementwith the contact 48 to complete a circuit from the line wire 11 throughwires H8 and I I1,

contact arm 36, contact 8, wire I09, switch arm 43, contact 46, wireI42, bucking coil 5|, wire I43, contact 55, switch arm 52, wires I2I andI24, resistance I25 and wire I23, back to the line wire 18. Thecompletion of such circuit causes energization of the bucking coil 5|which neutralizes the action of energizing coil 50 to allow the switcharms 52, 53 and 54 to be moved to the right out of engagement withcontacts 55, 56 and 51 and to permit switch arms 52 and 54 to engagecontacts 58 and 59. When the bucking coil 5| is so energized in themorning upon thetemperature of block 6| rising to its normal value thecontrol of the supply of heat to the block 6| is taken from the morningpick-up resistance I3I and placed in the day resistance I34.

Summarizing the operation of the total system it is seen that with theparts in the position shown, the system is set for night operation. Thevalve I5 for controlling the supply of fluid to the building is underthe control of the inside night thermostat 1| to maintain apredetermined night temperature within the building. During the nightperiod the outdoor controller will cool down sufliciently far to makecontact between contacts 61 and 69 and contacts 68 and 10 to energizethe relay coil 40 to hold in the relay. Power cannot be supplied to thesecondary II5 of thev transformer I I4 and consequently to the heater 63of the outdoor controller because the time switch is in the nightposition. Also duringthe night the energizing coil 50 isenergized tomaintain the switch arm 54 in engagement with the contact 51.

At substantially 6 o'clock in the morning the time switch takes thecontrol away from the inside thermostat H and places it under thecontrol of the outdoor controller 60. Since the outdoor controller iscold at this time of the morning and since the building is likewiserelatively cold, the valve I is opened to supply heat to the buildingand the transformer H4 is energized to supply heat to the outdoorcontroller 60 under the control of the morning pick-up resistance l3l.Heat will be supplied continuously to the building and to the outdoorcontroller in this manner until the temperature of the outdoorcontroller becomes normal at which time the re lay coil 40 will bedeenergized. By correctly proportioning the amount of heat delivered tothe outdoor controller 60 and thebuilding, the outdoor controller andbuilding will rise to their normal day temperature values atsubstantially the same time. When the relay coil 40 is deenergized uponthe rise of the outdoor controller temperature to its normal value, theswitch arm 42 is moved into engagement with the contact 41 to causeclosing movement of the valve I5, and the switch arm 43 is moved out ofengagement with the contact 46 and into engagement with the contact 48to deenergize the transformer I I 4 and prevent the further supply ofheat to the outdoor controller 60. At this same time the bucking coil 5|is energized to neutralize the action of the energizing coil 50, to movethe switch arm 54 into engagement with the contact 59 to transfer thecontrol of the heater 63 from the morning pick-up resistance l3! to theday resistance I34.

Supply of heating fluid to the building is now under the normal daycontrol. The temperatures within the controller 60 and within thebuilding will vary in a related manner and when the temperature withinthe controller drops below the predetermined value the relay coil 40 isenergized and pulls in the relay which moves the switch arms 42 and 43into engagement with the contacts 45 and 46. This will cause opening ofthe valve l5 to supply heat to the building and will also causeenergization of the transformer I I4 with the consequent supply of heatto the outdoor controller 60. When the temperature of the outdoorcontroller 60 rises above the predetermined value; the relay coil 40 isdeenergized and the relay falls out to move the switch arms 42 and 43into engagement with the contacts 41 and 48 which closes the valve I5 toprevent the further supply of the heat to the building and deenergizesthe transformer H4 to prevent the further supply of heat to the outdoorcontroller. During the day the system will cycle in the above manner andmaintain the temperature of the building at normal, in accordance withvariations in outdoor atmospheric conditions.

At substantially 9 oclock in the evening the time switch moves thecontact arms 35 and 36 out of engagement with contacts 6 and 8 intoengagement with the contacts I and 9. This takes the control of theheating system away from the outdoor controller and places it under thecommand of the inside night thermostat H. Also this causesdeenergization of the transformer H4, preventing the supply of heat tothe outdoor controller during the night. Further, this causesenergization of the energizing coil 50 to place the morning pick-upresistance l3l in command of the heater circuit for the outdoorcontroller so that sufficient heat will be supplied in the morning tocause morning pick-up when the time switch moves the contact arms 35 and36 into engagement with the contacts 5 and 8.

This system provides a means whereby the temperature of a building maybe maintained at a normal value during the daytime according to outdooratmospheric conditions and wherein the temperature of the building maybe raised to the normal value in the morning in accordance with outdoortemperature conditions.

If it be desirable, the inside night thermostat H may be dispensed withand the building temperature allowed to fall in accordance with outsideatmospheric conditions. The inside night thermostat H is merely used toprevent the temperature of the building from falling too far duringsevere cold weather conditions,

Although I. have disclosed one specific form of my invention I'do notwish to be limited thereto since various modifications may becomeapparent to those skilled in the art; consequently, I intend that myinvention should be limited only by the scope of the appended claims andthe prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor controller for controlling-the temperature changingmeans to maintain the building temperature at normal, timing means forinterrupting the control of the temperature changing means by theoutdoor controller to alter the building temperature from normal, andmeans controlled by said timing means for adjusting the outdoorcontroller to restore the temperature of the building to normal uponresumption of control of the temperature changing means by the outdoorcontroller.

2. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor controller for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain the building temperature at normal, means forinterrupting the control of the temperature changing means by theoutdoor controller to alter the building-temperature from normal, meanscontrolled by said interrupting means for adjusting the outdqorcontoller to restore the temperature of the building to normal uponresumption of controlof the temperature .changing means by the outdoorcontroller and for adjusting the outdoor controller to inalntaln thebuilding temperature at normal after the building temperature has becomeriomial.

3. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding an outdoor controller for controlling the temperature changingmeans to maintain the buildingtempelfatuie at normal, means forinterrupting thecoiitrol of the temperature changing means by theoutdoorcontroller to alter the building temperature from normal, and meanscontrolled'by the iriterrupting means and the outdoor controller foradjusting the outdoor controller to restore. the temperature of thebuilding to normal and to maintain the building temperature at normalafter the building temperature has become normal.

4. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor ature from normal, and means controlled by the timemeans and the outdoor controller for adjusting the outdoor controller torestore the temtain the building temperature at normal after controllerthe building temperature has become normal.

5. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor controller for controlling the temperature chang-.

ing means to maintain the building temperature at normal, time means forinterrupting thecontrol of the temperature changing means by the outdoorcontroller and for restoring the control of the temperature changingmeans to the outdoor controller, and means controlled by the time meansfor adjusting the outdoor controller upon resumption of control of thetemperature changing means by the outdoor controller to restore thebuilding temperature to normal and for adjusting the outdoor controllerwhen the building temperature is restored to normal for maintaining thebuilding temperature at normal.

6. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor controller comprising temperature changing meansand temperature responsive means, the temperature responsive meanscontrolling the 'operationof both temperature changing means to maintaina normal temperature within the building, means for interrupting thecontrol of the temperature changing means by the temperature responsivemeans, and means controlled by the interrupting means for adjusting thecontroller temperature changing means to restore the buildingtemperature to normal upon resumption of control of the temperaturechanging means by the temperature responsive means.

7. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor controller comprising temperature changing meansand temperature responsive means, the temperature responsive meanscontrolling the operation of both temperature changing means to maintaina normal temperature within the building, means for interrupting thecontrol of the temperature changing means by the temper-- atureresponsive means, means controlled by the interrupting means foradjustingv the controller temperature changing means to restore thebuilding temperature to normal upon resumption of control of thetemperature changing means by the temperature responsive means, andmeans for adjusting the controller heating means to maintain thebuilding temperature at normal after the building temperature has becomenormal.

8. In a system of the classdescribed, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor comprising temperature changing means andtemperature responsive means, the temperature responsive meanscontrolling the operation of both temperature changing means to maintainthe building temperature at normal, means for interrupting the controlof the temperature changing means by the temperature responsive means toalter the building temperature from normal, and means controlled by thetemperature responsive means and the interrupting means for adjustingthe controller heating means to restore the temperature of the buildingto normal and to maintain the building temperature at normal after thebuilding temperature has be come normal.

9. In a system of the class described tempen ature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor controller comprising temperature changing meansand temperature responsive means, the temperature responsive means,controlling the operation of both temperature changing means tomaintain the building temperature at normal, time means for interruptingthe control of the temperature changing means by the temperatureresponsive means to alter the building temperature from normal, andmeans controlled by the time means and the temperature responsive meansfor adjusting the controller heating means to restore the temperature ofthe building to normal and to maintain the building temperature atnormal after the building temperature has become normal.

10. In a system of the class described, heating means for a building, anoutdoor controller comprising heating means for heating the same andthermostatic means responsive to the temper ature of the same, the, thethermostatic means controlling both heating means and the controllerheating means being adapted to supply different amounts of heat to thecontroller, means for interrupting the control of the heating means bythe thermostatic means to lower the temperature of the building, meanscontrolled by the interrupting means for controlling the controller heating means to supply one amount'of heat to the controller upon resumptionof control of the heating means by the thermostatic means to raise thetemperature of the building to normal and to supply another amount ofheat to the controller to maintain the temperature of the building atnormal after the building temperature has become normal.

11. In a system of the class described, heating means for a building, anoutdoor controller com-- prising heating means for heating the same andthermostatic means responsive to the temperature of the same, thethermostatic means controlling both heating means and the controllerheating means being adapted to supply difierent amounts of heat to thecontroller, time means for interrupting the control of the heating meansby the thermostaticmeans to lower the temperature of the building, meanscontrolled by the time means for controlling the controller heatingmeans to supply one amount of heat to the controller upon resumption ofcontrol of the heating means by the thermostatic means to raise thetemperature of the building to normal and to supply another amount ofheat to the controller normal after the building temperature has becomenormal.

12. In a system of the class described, heating means for a building, anoutdoor controller comprising heating means for heating the same andthermostatic means responsive to the tempererated by the thermostaticmeans to supply one amount of heat to the controller upon resumptionofthe control '01 the heating means by the thermostatic means to raise thecontroller and building temperatures to normal and supply another amountof heat to the controller when the temperature of the controller hasbecome normal to maintain the building and controller temperaturesnormal. 13. In a system of the class described, temperature changingmeans for a building, an outdoor controller for controlling thetemperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature to maintainthe temperature of the building at controller for controlling thetemperature changwithin the enclosure, timing means for influencing saidcontroller to cause a different temperature to occur within theenclosure, means controlled by said timing means for adjusting saidcontroller to cause the temperature of the enclosure to be returned tonormal, and means actuated when the temperature of the enclosure returnsto normal for readjusting said controller to maintain said normaltemperature.

14. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for abuilding, an outdoor ing means to maintain a normal temperature withinthe enclosure, timing means for influencing said controller to cause adifierent temperature to occur within the enclosure, and means includingtiming means for adjusting said controller to cause the temperature ofthe enclosure to be returned to normal and for thereafter readjustingsaid controller to maintain said normal temperature.

JOHN E. HAINES.

